Which tool is beneficial for finding deteriorated refractory lining while the vessel is in service?

Thermography is a highly effective tool for identifying deteriorated refractory lining while the vessel is in service due to its ability to detect temperature differences on the surface of the vessel. When refractory lining spans portions of a vessel, its condition can be inferred from temperature variations that occur when heating systems are in operation. If there are areas of missing or damaged lining, those spots will often exhibit abnormal temperature readings, indicating a failure in insulation properties and potential issues with heat retention.

This non-intrusive approach allows operators to monitor the integrity of the refractory without shutting down the vessel, enabling continuous operation while still assessing the health of critical components. Moreover, thermography can provide clear visualization of problem areas, making it easier for inspection teams to prioritize repairs and maintenance actions effectively.

In contrast, other tools listed have specific applications that may not align directly with monitoring the condition of refractory linings in a live operational context. For example, an endoscope offers visual inspection capabilities in confined spaces but requires access through openings, which may not always be feasible in an operational vessel. A microscope captures fine details useful in laboratory settings rather than for real-time monitoring of large-scale vessel linings. Ultrasonic testing is excellent for measuring wall thickness and detecting internal flaws, but may not