Refractory is often attached to a vessel shell using which method?

The correct method for attaching refractory to a vessel shell is through the use of hex mesh. Hex mesh refers to a specific type of metal mesh that is designed to provide a mechanical anchor for the refractories. This mesh is typically made from steel and is shaped in a hexagonal pattern to maximize surface area coverage and ensure a robust bond between the refractory material and the vessel shell. The structure of the hex mesh improves stability and prevents the refractory from delaminating or cracking under thermal cycling.

Using hex mesh is advantageous because it allows for proper installation of the refractory material, ensuring that the layers adhere well and can withstand high operational temperatures and stresses. This method capitalizes on the mechanical interlocking properties of the mesh, which helps to keep the refractory firmly attached to the shell even when subjected to significant thermal expansion and contraction.

Other methods of attachment, while used in different contexts, do not provide the same level of reliability and support for refractory materials.